The Urinary System

The urinary system, also called the renal system, produces, stores, and removes urine. Its organs work together to manage fluid levels, maintain electrolyte balance, and clear waste from the body. The kidneys sit on either side of the spine and filter the blood, removing waste substances, excess water, and excess electrolytes to form urine. Narrow tubes called ureters carry urine to the bladder, a hollow, muscular organ that holds it until urination. Urine then passes through the urethra and exits the body.

Beyond waste removal, the urinary system helps control the body’s fluid levels, electrolyte concentrations, and acid-base balance. The kidneys help maintain an appropriate pH and contribute to blood pressure regulation by releasing the enzyme renin.

Conditions affecting this system include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, loss of bladder control, and different forms of kidney disease. Supporting urinary health involves staying adequately hydrated, practicing good hygiene, limiting substances that irritate the bladder, and seeking medical care for urinary symptoms or concerns. These organs help preserve the body’s internal balance while removing waste through urine.